Citation: ICTR-99-54A
Link to the full case: http://unictr.irmct.org/en/cases/ictr-99-54a
Date of Trial Judgment: 22 January 2004
Date of Appeal Judgment: 19 September 2005
The former Rwandan Minister of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Jean de Dieu Kamuhanda, was tried for his involvement in ordering the Interahamwe militia, soldiers, and police to kill Tutsis in Gikomero Parish Compound. He was charged with direct and superior responsibility for genocide; complicity in genocide; conspiracy to commit genocide; incitement to genocide; crimes against humanity for acts of murder, rape, extermination, and other inhumane acts; and war crimes for acts of outrages upon dignity and violence to life.
In 2004, the ICTR Trial Chamber convicted him of genocide and extermination as a crime against humanity, finding that Kamuhanda had supervised and led the killings in Gikomero Parish and that he had provided weapons to the Interahamwe militia.
In 2005, the ICTR Appeals Chamber reversed the Trial Chamber’s finding that Kamuhanda had instigated, aided, and abetted genocide and extermination but affirmed the Trial Chamber’s finding that Kamuhanda was responsible for ordering genocide and extermination as a crime against humanity. The Appeals Chamber affirmed the Trial Chambers sentence of life imprisonment.
Summary based on notes from the IJRC